Hutton & Co.: History

 

The Company

The firm with this name first appeared in an 1860[1] city directory where it was listed as “Hutton & Co, importers of berlin wools, canvases, patterns, beads & needlework; manufacturers of purse twist & embroidery, silks, furniture & dress trimmings, haberdashery &c, 5 & 6 Newgate street EC, & Phoenix court, manufactory, 12 Angel court, Skinner street, Snowhill EC.”  Prior to 1860 there were several Hutton companies listed in city directories at the Newgate Street address, but their names and business types were slightly different over the years which implies different members of the Hutton family had different businesses at that address.  The earliest listing was in 1780[2] for a Benjamin Hutton, a laceman at 5 Newgate Street, who continued to be listed as such in 1790[3].  Then in 1801[4] the firm’s name was recorded as E. & T. Hutton, lacemen at 5 Newgate street, in 1810[5] it was E. & S. Hutton, bed-lace & fringe manufacturers at 6 Newgate Street, in 1820[6] it was S. & T. Hutton & Co., worsted manufacturers at 6 Newgate and from 1825[7] until 1835[8] it was either Thomas Hutton & Lepines or Hutton & Lepines, bed-lace, fringe, and worsted manufacturers or worsted & fringe manufacturers at 6 Newgate Street.  By 1840[9] until 1845[10] it was recorded as T. Hutton or Thos. Hutton & Co., fringe, lace and worsted manufacturer at 6 Newgate Street, which by 1850[11] expanded to include importers of berlin wool, patterns, embroidery &c., manufacturers of fancy silks canvas, fringes & dressing trimmings at 5 & 6 Newgate Street. 

 

According to a Hutton family history, Thomas Hutton moved to the London area from Yorkshire in 1791 at age 11 and by 1818[12] was working as a merchant.  It seems most likely that when Thomas arrived in London, he joined another relative at their Newgate address and after that relative died, he partnered with a Mr. Lepines for at least 10 years from 1825[13] until at least 1835[14].  When their partnership ended, sometime between 1835[15] and 1840[16], Thomas established the business on his own and was later joined by his two sons Charles William Cookworthy Hutton and Thomas Owthwaites Hutton who were working as apprentices in 1841[17].  By 1849[18] the two brothers were considered partners with their father as was another man, Charles Wellborne Slee, who must have joined the firm around the same time as the Hutton brothers.  By 1854[19] the son Thomas Owthwaites Hutton left the business and that year the partnership between his father Thomas Hutton, his brother Charles William Cookworthy Hutton and Charles Wellborne Slee was dissolved with regard to Thomas Hutton, meaning Charles William Cookworthy Hutton and Charles Wellborne Slee continued the business together as partners.  Most likely Thomas, the father, decided to retire at that time as he was 74 years old that year. 

 

After Thomas, the father, died in 1859[20], the name of the business was changed to Hutton & Co. by 1860[21] and Charles Wellborne Slee was listed separately that year as a “fringe &c. manufr. see Hutton & Co.”  Evidence supporting the partnership in the business and the Hutton brother’s occupations can be found in city directories from 1865[22] through 1880[23] where Hutton & Co. was consistently listed as such at either 5 & 6 Newgate Street or 6 & 7 Newgate Street.  During thoseA screenshot of a computer

Description automatically generated with low confidence years Mr. Hutton was also listed separately as Chas. Wm. Cookworthy Hutton or Chas Wm. C. Hutton an importer of berlin wool or a warehouseman with the words see Hutton and Co. after his name.  Likewise Charles Wellborne Slee was listed separately as a fringe &c. manufr. with see Hutton & Co. recorded after his name from 1865 to 1875[24].   The other Hutton brother, Thomas Owthwaite Hutton, was also listed separately during those years, but the words stationery, see Millington & Hutton was next to his name.  The advertisement pictured here is from 1870[25] and it provides interesting information about some of the products this firm sold at that time.  

 

Charles Welborne Slee died in 1879[26] and as a result was no longer listed in the city directory in 1880[27].  Also, 1880[28] was the last time Charles William Cookworthy Hutton was listed separately in the commercial section of the directory with the words see Hutton & Co. after his name.  That year the business was recorded as transcribed below which shows that additional products were now sold by the company.

 

“Hutton & Co. warehousemen, haberdashery, stays, collars, dress trimmings, ribbon & piece velvet, furniture trimmings, upholsterers’ sundries, umbrellas & sunshades, jewellery, jet & imitation, gilt & pearl goods, berlin wools, fleecies, worsteds & canvas, fancy cabinet, leather & papier mâché goods, beads, bugles, working silks, english & foreign needleworks, embroideries & perfumery, fancy soaps, combs, brushes &c. 6 & 7 Newgate street E C

 

And in 1885[29] it was recorded as follows:

 

“Hutton & Co. warehousemen, alliance yarn, haco yarn, frou from yarn fingerings, archangel quilt wool, angora wool, haberdashery, plain & fancy trimmings, furniture & dress canvas, needlework crash, plush & zulu cloth, embroideries, crewel & other silks for embroidery, knitting & netting; beads, glass & metal, combs, brushes & bazaar goods; Argosy brace & glove depot, 6 & 7 Newgate street E C & Phoenix court E C

 

The business was listed for the last time in London city directories in 1885[30].  This implies it either went out of existence sometime between 1885 and 1890 or became known with a different name at a different location because it was not listed in the commercial section or the street section of the directory in 1890[31].  Apparently, Charles decided to retire from the business around that time so he could focus his attention on the position he held as a government official.  He was listed in 1885[32] in the Commission of the Lieutenancy For London section of the city directory.

 

Hutton & Co. is one of only four of the 35 London companies that had their names stamped on 11 or more different Avery style needle case designs.  This means they were one of Avery’s best licensees.  The above descriptions of the company’s product line shows that they were heavily involved in the needlework and embroidery trade and they had the perfect clientele who would be interested in purchasing a fancy needle case filled with Avery’s needles.  What is interesting about A picture containing text, case, accessory

Description automatically generatedthis company is that all of the needle case designs with their name stamped on them were registered by William Avery between 1868 and 1872 whereas the other three London compA gold rectangular object with a design on it

Description automatically generatedanies had designs that were registered from 1868 until 1874, 1876 or 1877.  These needle cases were Avery most popular designs which included:  Quad-Golden-Casket - Fleur-de-Lis (1868), Demi-Quad - Christmas (1869), Demi-Quad-Helen - Oval Decoration (1869), Duplex (1870), Florence (1870), Louise - Square (1870), Royal with Vase (1869), Stella Golden (1869), Scallop Shell (1871), Butterfly Box - Oval Tub (1872) and the Hedgehog Needle and Pin Case (1872).  Of these 11 designs, 2 had unique decorations stamped on them and have only been found with the Hutton & Co. name or the W. Avery & Son name.  These are the two Demi Quads.  The Demi-Quad - Christmas, seen above on the left, had the Hutton name stamped on the side whereas the Demi-Quad-Helen - Oval Decoration, pictured on the right, had the Hutton name stamped on the center bottom.  Photographs of the other needle cases stamped with Hutton’s name can be found in the Images section A picture containing tool

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The Hutton Owners[33]

Thomas Hutton was born c1780 in Stainburn, near Otley, Yorkshire, 212 miles northwest of London.  At age 11 he moved to London and by 1818 became a merchant.  He married Ann Russell at the St. Peter and Paul church in Bath, Somerset in 1821, which was located 115 miles west of London.  Thomas was listed as a resident of Christ Church in London and as an esquire in the marriage record indicating he came from a well to do family.  After their marriage Thomas and Ann returned to Newgate Street in London where they had 4 children between 1822 and 1826: Thomas Bickham who died within 5 months of his birth, Charles William Cookworthy, Thomas Owthwaites and Sarah Elizabeth.  Unfortunately, Ann died in 1828 at age 39, less than two years after the birth of their last child and was buried at Christ Church near their home. The Hutton family lived at the same address as their shop on Newgate Street in London until sometime between 1841 and 1848 when they moved to Streatham in the Wandsworth section of London, approximately 6 miles south of Trafalgar Square.  At some point between 1841 and 1851 Thomas married his second wife Mary who was born in Gloucestershire.  He was consistently listed as a fringe maker or fringe manufacturer.  Thomas died at his home in Streatham in 1859 at age 79 and he was buried in his hometown in Stainburn, Yorkshire.  His estate was valued at £70,000 (£4,139,044 today[34]) which was proved by his wife Mary and 3 other men.  Mary died 8 years later in 1867 at age 86.  Of their two surviving sons, the eldest carried on his father’s business whereas the youngest, Thomas Owthwaites Hutton, worked in his father’s business for a few years but by 1860 established a wholesale stationery business with another partner which was named Millington & Hutton.

 

The eldest surviving son of Thomas and Ann Hutton was Charles William Cookworthy Hutton who was born in 1823 and was baptized that year at the Christ Church and St. Leonard near the family home on Newgate street.  By the time he was 18 in 1841 he was working as an apprentice most likely for his father and by 1846 became a freemason and then partnered with his father.  In 1848 at age 25 he married Elizabeth Winder at St. Leonard in Streatham and the family settled in neighboring Dulwich where they remained for at least 30 years, although they lived in several different places there.  Charles and Elizabeth had 13 children between 1849 and 1871: Thomas Winder, Charles Alfred Richard, Helen Mary Jane, Elizabeth Marian, Clara Mary, Arthur Charles Adolph, Stanley Edmund who died a year after his birth, Walter Herbert, Percy Edward Septimus, Ethel Ainsworth, Ada Gertrude, Herbert William Gray and Stanley Page.  Throughout his life Charles was listed as an importer of fringe goods manufacturer or as a silk and worsted manufacturer or as a Berlin warehouseman and fringe manufacturer and in 1881 as a justice of the peace and general merchant and in 1885 and 1890[35] as a commission of lieutenancy for London.  At some point after 1881 the family moved to Earls Court in Kensington presumably so Charles could be closer to where he worked at a J.P, etc.  In an 1881[36] book entitled The Directory of Directors, Charles W. C. Hutton was listed as “of Hutton & Co. warehousemen, 6-7 Newgate-street, EC, a director of the National Provident Institution”. “The National Provident Institution was formed in 1835 as a friendly society, modelled on the Friends Provident Institution, to offer life assurance to a wide range of people.”[37]  Charles died in Kensington in 1903 at age 80 and left an estate of £1,323 to his wife.  Elizabeth died there a year later in 1904 at age 75 leaving an estate of £2,423 to their two eldest surviving sons, Charles Alfred Richard and Arthur Charles Adolph.  His 1903[38] obituary is listed below.

 

“Mr. Charles William Cookworthy Hutton, an ex-Sheriff of London and Middlesex, died last week at his residence, 9, Penywern-road, South Kensington, in his eighty-first year.   The eldest son of the late Mr. Thomas Hutton, a merchant of London, he was born in 1823 and was long engaged in business in the City as a merchant in Newgate-street.  He was in the commission of the peace for Surrey and London, was one of his Majesty’s Lieutenants for the City of London, and served the office of Sheriff of London and Middlesex in 1868-9.”

 

The seven surviving sons of Charles and Elizabeth Hutton had a variety of careers.  Although several appear to have worked in their father’s company for a short period of time, none stayed with the company long as it was no longer in business as Hutton & Co. after 1885.  The eldest, Thomas Winder Hutton, was born in 1849 and by 1871 was living with and presumably working for his father as a warehouseman.  Unfortunately, he died in 1872 at age 23 leaving an estate of under £200 to his father.  The second son, Charles Alfred Richard Hutton was born in 1850 and in 1873 became a weaver.  After his first wife died, Charles traveled to Brussels, Belgium in 1878 where he married his second wife Mary Isabella Ida Wilson who was born in Florence, Italy to British parents.  By 1891 Charles was working as an American merchant employer and by 1911 was the director of a public company.  He died in 1931 in Lewes, Sussex at age 81 leaving an estate valued at £10,669.  The third son was Arthur Charles Adolph Hutton who was born in 1858.  By 1891 Arthur was working as an American agent employer possibly with the same company as his older brother.  In 1911 he was listed as a merchant and agent export and reassurance employer.  When Arthur died in Kensington in 1917 at age 59 his estate was valued at £900.  Walter Herbert Hutton, the fourth son, was born in 1861.  By 1911 Walter was working as a civil engineer.  He died at Sevenoaks, Kent in 1932 at age 70 leaving an estate valued at £953.  The fifth son was Percy Edmund Septimus Hutton, who was born in 1863.  By 1881 Percy was working as a commercial clerk and general merchant presumably for his father, however by 1911 he was an assistant manager at Apollonius Company, a business that worked with natural mineral water.  Percy died in Malling, Kent in 1941 at age 77. 

 

The names of the two youngest sons of Charles and Elizabeth Hutton were changed shortly after their births, but the reasons for the changes are unknown.  When Herbert William Gray Hutton was born in 1869 his forename was listed as Frank, however by the time he was baptized a couple months after his birth it was changed to Herbert which is how it was recorder thereafter.  At some point Herbert left the UK and settled in the Dominican Republic in the West Indies where he became a landowner.  He died there in 1899 leaving an estate of £674 to his sister.  The youngest son was named Stanley Henry Hutton when he was born in 1871.  Sometime between 1871 and 1881 his middle name was changed to Page as he was recorded in 1871 as Stanley H. Hutton age 2 months and as Stanley P. Hutton age 10 in 1881.  All later records in which he was listed his middle name was consistently listed as P. or Page.  By 1911 Stanley was working as an engineer and iron founder employer.  He died in 1948 in Bournemouth, Hampshire at age 77 and left an estate valued at £801.

 

The Slee Owners

The other partner in the Hutton & Co. business was Charles Wellborne Slee.  Mr. Slee was born c1820 in Southwark, Middlesex, the son of Josias Slee.  He married Eliza Ann Ruffy in 1848 at St. Mark, Kensington and they had 3 children between 1849 and 1854: Caroline Maria, Charles Robert and Eliza Emma.  At some point prior to 1848 Mr. Slee joined the Hutton & Co. business where he worked for the remainer of his life.  At first the Slee family lived in the St. Pancras area but by 1861 moved to Southend in the Lewisham section of London, roughly 10 miles southeast of the London city center. Their son died at age 16 while visiting Dreseden, Germany and was buried there.   Charles died in 1879 at age 59 and left an estate valued at under £40,000 (£2,647,388 today[39]) to his wife and another man.  After his death his wife moved to Oxford Terrace in Hyde Park but spent some of her time in France.  She died in 1920 at age 92 in Cannes, France and left as estate valued at £7,943 to her 2 daughters who were spinsters.

 

 

Hutton & Co.: Images

 

A gold butterfly shaped object

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Butterfly Box - Oval Tub 

 

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Duplex needle case

 

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Florence needle case

 

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Butterfly Box - Oval Tub with the Hutton name (S=Bleasdales Auctions)

 

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Duplex close up with the Hutton name (S= Jean Scott)

 

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Florence close up with the Hutton name

 

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Hedgehog needle and pin case

 

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Louise needle case

 

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Quadruple Golden Casket - Fleur-de-Lis

 

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Hedgehog bottom close up with the Hutton name (S=eBay)

 

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Louise with the Hutton name (S=eBay)

 

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Quadruple Golden Casket – Fleur-de-Lis detail with the Hutton name

 

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Royal with Vase needle case

 

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Scallop Shell needle case

 

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Stella Golden needle case

 

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Royal with Vase close up of the Hutton name (S=Jan Swindale)

 

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Scallop Shell close up of the Hutton name inside (S=Winterthur Museum)

 

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Stella Golden close up of the Hutton name (S=eBay)

 

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View of Holborn Viaduct where it becomes Newgate Street at the intersection with Old Bailey Street, 2023.

 

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The intersection of Newgate Street and Old Bailey Street, 2023.  The buildings on the right are approximately where the Hutton & Co. business was originally located, 2023.

 

 

Hutton & Co.: Genealogy

 

Generation 1: Thomas Hutton (c1780-1859) and Ann Russell (c1789-1828) and Mary (c1781-??)

·       Hutton Family Record: Includes detailed birth and marriage information about this Thomas Hutton and his children (S=Burke’s Family Records Indexed, pages 342 and 343 available on ancestry.com).

·       Born: c1780 (S4).  June 22, 1780 Stainburn near Otley, Yorkshire (S=burial and S=Hutton family history).

·       Baptized: not found.

·       1st Marriage: Match 10, 1821 St. Peter and Paul Abbey, Bath, Somerset (S1m).  Listed as Thomas Hutton Esq of the parish of Christ Church, London a bachelor and Ann Russell of this parish a spinster. (Note: the marriage index incorrectly lists his surname as Mutton.  Also, the Hutton family record indicates they were married in 1820).

·       1st Wife’s Death: 1828 (S1burial) and April 11, 1828 (Hutton family history).

·       1st Wife’s Burial: April 19, 1828 Christ Church and St. Leonard, Foster Lane, (S1burial).  Listed as Ann Hutton age 39 who resided at Newgate Street. (Note: the burial index incorrectly; lists her age as 59.

·       1st Wife’s Probate: not found.

·       1841 Census: Newgate Street, Christ Church, London (S4).  Listed as Thomas Hutton age 60 a fringe maker not born in the county with Thomas age 16 and Charles age 18 both apprentices born in the county and 4 assistants and 2 servants.  (Note: the census index incorrectly does not include the assistants and servants).

·       2nd Marriage: not found.

·       1851 Census: 16 Balham Hill, Streatham, Wandsworth, Surrey (S4).  Listed as Thos Hutton age 70 a fringe manufacturer born in born in Kirby Overblow, Yorkshire with wife Mary age 70 born in Durley, Gloucestershire and 1 child: Sarah E. age 24 and 3 servants.

·       Death: September 2, 1859 Wandsworth (S8d), listed as Thomas Hutton age 79 a silk and fringe merchant who died of decay of nature at Balham Hill, Streatham.  September 2, 1859 at Balham Hill, Surrey (S6) and (S1burial).

·       Burial: St. Mary Churchyard, Stainburn, Harrogate, Yorkshire (S1burial).  Listed as Thomas Hutton born June 22, 1780 at Kirby Overblow, Harrogate, Yorkshire whose parents were Thomas and Mary Hutton and who died September 2, 1859 at Balham, Wandsworth, London. 

·       Probate: October 7, 1859 Principal Registry (S6).  Listed as Thomas Hutton Esq. formerly of Newgate Street, London a fringe manufacturer and late of Balham Hill, Surrey with effects under £70,000 proved by the oaths of Mary Hutton of Balham Hill the widow, Charles Cheveley of Larkhall Lane, Clapham Esquire John Mills Thorn the younger of South Lambeth a brewer and Lawrence Desborough of Sise Lane, in the said city a gentleman the executors.

·       1861 Wife’s Census: not found.

·       2nd Wife’s Death: June 20, 1867 Wandsworth (S8d), listed as Mary Hutton age 86 annuitant widow of Thomas Hutton a silk fringe manufacturer who die of seneclus and congestion of the lungs at Balham Hill, Streatham.

·       2nd Wife’s Burial: not found.

·       2nd Wife’s Probate: not found.

·       Children:

1.     Thomas Bickham Hutton (c1822-1822).  Born: January 29, 1822 (S1c).  Baptized:  February 27, 1822 Christ Church and St. Leonard, Foster Lane, London (S1c), listed as Thomas Bickham with parents Thomas and Ann Hutton who resided at Newgate Street with father occupation listed as fringe manufacturer.  Burial:  July 13, 1822 Christ Church and St. Leonard, Forster Lane, London (S1burial), listed as Thomas Bickham Hutton of Newgate Street age 5 months

2.     Charles William Cookworthy Hutton (1823-1903) - See Generation 2.

3.     Thomas Owthwaites Hutton (c1824-1902).  Born: December 25, 1825 (S1c).  Baptized:  January 21, 1825 Christ Church and St. Leonard, Foster Lane, London (S1c), listed as Thomas Owthwaites with parents Thomas and Ann Hutton who resided at Newgate Street with father occupation listed as fringe maker (Note: his birth year appears to be a church recorder’s error as he couldn’t be born in December 1825 and baptized in January 1825).  1841 Census: with father (S4), listed as Charles age 16 an apprentice born in the county.  2nd Marriage: October 2, 1856 St. Mary, Lambeth (S5m), listed as Thomas Owthwaite Hutton a widower and wholesale stationer who resided in Streatham whose father was Thomas Hutton a gentleman and Clara Maria Ansted a spinster.  1901 Census: Southland, Kennal Road, Chislehurst, Kent (S4), listed as Thomas Hutton age 76 a retired wholesale stationer with 20 year service born in London with wife Clara age 68 born in Clapham Rd, London, 1 child: Ernest and 6 servants.  Death:  May 12, 1902 (S6).  Probate: June 2, 1902 London (S6), listed as Thomas Owthwaite Hutton of Southland, Kemnal Road, Chislehurst, Kent a gentleman with effects £1,374 to Charles Alfred Richard Hutton a public company’s director and John Mair Curwen a flannel manufacturer.  Resworn August 1902 £88,307.

4.     Sarah Elizabeth Hutton (1826-??).  Born: September 30, 1826 (S1c).  Baptized:  October 27, 1826 Christ Church and St. Leonard, Foster Lane, London (S1c), listed as Sarah Elizabeth with parents Thomas and Ann Hutton who resided at Newgate Street with father occupation listed as fringe manufacturer (Note: the baptism index incorrectly lists the baptism date as October 21, 1826).   1851 Census: with parents (S54), listed as Sarah E. Hutton age 24 born in Christ Church, London.  Marriage:  September 2, 1856 St. Leonard, Streatham (S8m), listed as Sarah Elizabeth Hutton a spinster who resided in Streatham whose father was Thomas Hutton an esquire and Rev. Edward Simms a bachelor and a clerk in orders. (Note the marriage index does not list him as Rev.)

 

Generation 2: Charles William Cookworthy Hutton (1823-1903) and Elizabeth Winder (c1828-??)

·       Born: June 1, 1823 (S1c) and (S=Hutton Family Record).

·       Baptized: June 27, 1823 Christ Church and St. Leonard, Foster Lane, London (S1c), listed as Charles William Cookworthy with parents Thomas and Ann Hutton who resided at Newgate Street with father occupation listed as fringe manufacturer.  

·       1841 Census: with father (S4).  Listed as Charles Hutton age 18 an apprentice born in the county.

·       1846 Initiation: Burlington Lodge (S=England, United Grand Lodge of England Freemason Membership, 1751-1921 available at ancestry.com).  Listed as Charles Wm Cookworthy Hutton.

·       Marriage: June 8, 1848 St. Leonard, Streatham (S8m).  Listed as Charles William Cookworthy Hutton a bachelor and merchant who resided at Streatham whose father was Thomas Hutton a merchant and Elizabeth Winder ag 20 a spinster.

·       1851 Census: 28 Goose Green, Dulwich, Camberwell, Surrey (S4).  Listed as Chas. Hutton age 27 an importer of foreign goods manufacturer born in Christ Church, Middlesex with wife Elizabeth age 22 born in St. Luke’s, Middlesex and 2 children: Thomas William and Chas Alford and 5 servants.

·       1861 Census: 192 Belair House, Dulwich, Camberwell, Surrey (S4).  Listed as Charles W. R. Hutton age 37 a silk and worsted manufacturer born in London, Middlesex with wife Elizabeth age 31 born in London, Middlesex and 6 children: Thomas W., Charles A. R., Helen M. J., Elizabeth M. J., Clara M. and Arthur E. A. and 1 visitor, 1 governess and 6 servants.

·       1871 Census: 136 Belair, Dulwich, Camberwell, Surrey (S4).  Listed as Charles W. C. Hutton age 47 a Berlin warehouseman and fringing manufacturer born in Christ Church, London with wife Elizabeth age 41 born in St. Luke’s, London and 10 children: Thomas W., Helen M. J., Elizabeth M., Clara M., Arthur C. A., Perry C. S., Ethel A., Ada G., Herbert W. G. and Stanley H. and 3 visitors, 1 governess and 10 servants.

·       1881 Census: 185 Gallery Road, Belair, Dulwich, Camberwell, Surrey (S4).  Listed as Charles W.  Hutton age 57 a justice of the peace general merchant born in Christ Church, London with wife Elizabeth age 51 born in S. Luke’s, London and 7 children: Arthur E. A., Clara M., Walter H., Perry C. S., Ethel A., Ada G and Stanley P. and 1 governess and 8 servants (ladys man, yarn, footman, cook, parlor maid, housemaid, kitchen maid). 

·       1891 Census:  not found.

·       1897 Electoral Register: (S=London, England, Electoral Registers, 1832-1965 available at ancestry.com).   Listed as Charles W. C. Hutton of 3 Penywern Road, Kensington South.

·       1901 Census: not found.

·       Death: September 23, 1903 Kensington (S9d), listed as Charles William Cookworthy Hutton age 80 a J. P. who died of ulceration of the bowels at 9 Penywern Road, Brompton with his daughter Helen Hutton present at his death.  September 23, 1903 (S6).

·       Burial: not found.

·       Obituary: The Daily Telegraph newspaper dated September 28, 1903, page 10 (S=UK and Ireland, Newspapers.com Obituary Index, 1800s-current available at ancestry.com).  Listed as Charles William Cookworthy Hutton of Penywern Road, South Kensington. Indicating he was born in 1823 the son of Thomas Hutton a merchant of London and that he was long engaged in business as a merchant at Newgate Street.

·       Probate: May 2, 1905 London (S6).  Listed as Charles William Cookworthy Hutton of 2 Penywern Road, Earls’ Court, Middlesex with effects £1,323 to Charles Alfred Richard Hutton gentleman.  Former grant October 1903.

·       Wife’s Death: December 29, 1904 Kensington (S9d)), listed as Elizabeth Hutton age 75 the widow of Charles William Cookworthy Hutton of independent means who died of bronchitis at 9 Penywern Road, Brompton with her daughter Helen Hutton present at her death.  December 29, 1904 (S6).

·       Wife’s Burial: not found.

·       Wife’s Probate: January 30, 1905 London (S6).  Listed as Elizabeth Hutton of 2 Penywern Road, Earls’ Court, Middlesex a widow with effects £2,423 to Charles Alfred Richard Hutton merchant and Arthur Charles Adolphe Hutton warehouseman.

·       Children:

  1. o   Thomas Winder Hutton (1849-1872).  Born: 2nd QTR 1849 Camberwell (S=GRO Online Index), listed as Thomas Winder Hutton with mother’s maiden name Winder.  1851, 1861 and 1871 Censuses: with parents (S4), listed in 1871 as Thomas W. Hutton age 21 a warehouseman born in East Dulwich.  Death: 2nd QTR 1872 Brighton, Sussex (S5d), listed as Thomas Winder Hutton age 23, May 21, 1872 at 30 Bedford Square, Brighton, Sussex (S6).  Probate: June 12, 1872 Principal Registry (S6), listed as Thomas Winder Hutton late of Belair, Dulwich, Surrey with effects under £200 granted to Charles William Cookworthy Hutton of 6 Newgate Street, London warehouseman the father and next of kin.

  2. o   Charles Alfred Richard Hutton (1850-1931).  Born: 4th QTR 1850 Camberwell (S=GRO Online Index), listed as Charles Alfred Richard Hutton with mother’s maiden name Winder.  1851 and 1861 Censuses: with parents (S4).  1873 City Admission: September 4, 1873 (S=London, England, Freedom of the City Admission Papers, 1681-1930 available at ancestry.com), listed as Charles Alfred Richard Hutton, son of Charles William Cookworthy Hutton, citizen and weaver.  Marriage: June 15, 1878 Brussels, Belgium (S=Great Britain, Select Marriages, 1797-1988 available at ancestry.com), listed as Charles Alfred Richard Hutton and Mary Isabella Ida Wilson.  1891 Census: 80 Woodvale, Dulwich, Camberwell (S4), listed as Charles A. R. Hutton age 40 an American Merchant employer born in East Dulwich, Surrey with wife Mary I. Ida age 35 born in Florence, Italy a British Subject and 4 children: Charles I., Leslie Wood, Ronald Winder and Gay Stewart and 2 servants. 1911 Census: Caprons Keere Street, Lewes, Sussex (S5), listed as Charles Hutton age 60 a director of a public company managing born in Peckham, Surrey with wife Ida age 55 born in Florence, Italy of British parentage and 1 child: Leslie and 2 servants, indicates they were married 32 years and had 4 children 3 still living.  Death: 2nd QTR 1931 Lewes, Sussex (S5d), listed as Charles A. R. Hutton age 80, June 13, 1931 (S6).  Probate: October 30, 1931 Lewes (S6), listed as Charles Alfred Richard Hutton of Caprons, Southover, Lewes with effects £10,669 resworn £11,604 to Mary Isabella Ida Hutton widow and Leslie Wood Hutton merchant.

  3. o   Helen Mary Jane Hutton (1852-??).  Born: 2nd QTR 1852 Camberwell (S=GRO Online Index), listed as Helen Mary Jane Hutton with mother’s maiden name Winder.  1861 and 1871 Censuses: with parents (S4).

  4. o   Elizabeth Marian Hutton (1855-??).   Born: 1st QTR 1855 Camberwell (S=GRO Online Index), listed as Elizabeth Marian Hutton with mother’s maiden name Winder.  1861 and 1871 Censuses: with parents (S4).

  5. o   Clara Mary Hutton (1856-??).  Born: 3rd QTR 1856 Camberwell (=GRO Online Index), listed as Clara Mary Hutton with mother’s maiden name Winder.  1861, 1871 and 1881 Censuses with parents (S4).  Marriage: October 3, 1885 Camberwell, Surrey (S8m), listed as Clara Mary Hutton age 29 a spinster who resided at Belair with father Charles William Cookworthy Hutton Justice of Peace for Surrey and Claude Hollins age 33 a bachelor.

  6. o   Arthur Charles Adolph Hutton (1858-1917).   Born: 2nd QTR 1858 Camberwell (S=GRO Online Index), listed as Arthur Charles Adolph Hutton with mother’s maiden name Winder.  1861, 1871 and 1881 Censuses with parents (S4).  Marriage: September 6, 1881 Kensington (S8m), listed Arthur Charles Adolph Hutton a bachelor and merchant who resided in South Kensington whose father was Charles William Cookworthy Hutton a merchant and Claudia May Stewart Prichard.  1891 Census: 38 Auriol Road, Fulham, London (S4), listed as Arthur C. A. Hutton age 33 an American Agent employer born in East Dulwich, Surrey with wife Claudia M. S. age 34 born in Brioliaryton, Somerset and 1 child: Lilly A. S. and 2 servants.   1911 Census: 5 Prior Grove, West Brompton, South Kensington (S4), listed as Arthur Hutton age 53 a merchant and agent export and reassurance employer born in Dulwich, Surrey with wife May age 51 born in Brishingtore, Somerset with 1 visitor and 2 servants, indicates they were married 29 years and had 2 children both still living.  Death: 4th QTR 1917 London (S5d), listed as Arthur C. A. Hutton age 59, October 16, 1917 near St. Bartholomew’s Hospital, London (S6).  Probate:  December 14, 1917 London (S6), listed as Arthur Charles Adolphe Hutton of 5 Priory Grove, South Kensington, Middlesex with effects £900 to Charles Alfred Richard Hutton esquire.

  7. o   Stanley Edmund Hutton (1860-1861).   Born: 1st QTR 1860 Camberwell (S=GRO Online Index), listed as Stanley Edmund Hutton with mother’s maiden name Winder.   Death: 1st QTR 1861 Camberwell (S=GRO Online Index), listed as Stanley Edmund Hutton age 1.

  8. o   Walter Herbert Hutton (1861-1932).  Born: 4th QTR 1861 Camberwell (S=GRO Online Index), listed as Walter Herbert Hutton with mother’s maiden name Winder.  1881 Census with parents (S4).  Marriage: March 19, 1896 St. Andrew, West Kensington (S8m), listed as Walter Hubert Hutton age 34 a bachelor and gentleman who resided at 9 Percy Road whose father was Charles William Cookworthy Hutton a gentleman and Maud Mary Stanley a spinster.  1911 Census: 3 St. Andrew Road, West Kensington, Fulham (S4), listed as Walter Herbert Hutton age 49 a civil engineer worker born in Dulwich, Surrey with wife Maud Mary age 40 born in Gravesend, Kent and a child: Moya Winifred Victoria and 1 servant, indicated they were married 15 years and had 1 child still living.  Death: 3rd QTR 1932 Sevenoaks, Kent (S5d), listed as Walter H. Hutton age 70, August 18, 1932 at the Sevenoaks and Holmesdale Hospital, Sevenoaks (S6).  Probate: September 19, 1932 London (S6), listed as Walter Herbert Hutton of 9 Hillingdon Avenue, Sevenoaks, Kent with effects £953 to Maud Mary Hutton widow.

  9. o   Percy Edward Septimus Hutton (1863-1941).   Born: 3rd QTR 1863 Camberwell (S=GRO Online Index), listed as Percy Edward Septimus Hutton with mother’s maiden name Winder.   1871 and 1881 Census: with parents (S4), in 1881 listed as Percy E. S. Hutton age 17 a commercial clerk general merchant born in Dulwich.  Marriage: September 8, 1903 St. Cuthbert, Kensington, listed Percy Edward Septimus Hutton age 40 a bachelor and mercantile clerk who resided at Philbeach Gar whose father was as Charles W. C. Hutton a retired merchant and Marguerite Chattell age 22 a spinster.  1911 Census: Belair, Bulslrode Way, Gerrands Cross, Bucks (S4), listed as Percy E. S. Hutto age 47 an assistant manager at the Apollinaris Compy a natural mineral water public co. worker born in Dulwich, Surrey with wife Marguerite age 30 born in Chislehurst, Kent and 1 child: Marguerite Elizabeth, 1 governess and 1 servant, indicated they were married 7 years and had 1 child still living.  Death: 1st QTR 1941 Malling, Kent (S5d), listed as Percy E. S. Hutton age 77.  Probate: not found.

  10. o   Ethel Ainsworth Hutton (1865-??).   Born: 4th QTR 1865 Camberwell (S=GRO Online Index), listed as Ethel Ainsworth Hutton with mother’s maiden name Winder.   1871 and 1881 Censuses: with parents (S4).

  11. o   Ada Gertrude Hutton (1867-??).   Born: 4th QTR 1867 Camberwell (S=GRO Online Index), listed as Ada Gertrude Hutton with mother’s maiden name Winder.   1871 and 1881 Censuses: with parents (S4).

  12. o   Herbert William Gray Hutton (aka Frank William Gray Hutton) (1869-1899).   Born: 3rd QTR 1869 Camberwell (S=GRO Online Index), listed as Frank William Gray Hutton with mother’s maiden name Winder, Born: June 2, 1869 (S=Hutton Family Record), listed as Herbert William Gray Hutton a landowner in Dominica.  Baptized: August 10, 1869 St. John the Evangelist, East Dulwich, Southward (S1c), listed as Herbert William Gary with parents Charles William Cookworthy and Elizabeth Hutton who resided at Belair, Dulwich with father’s occupation listed as merchant.  (Note: according to a GRO search there was only one Hutton child born in 1869 with a mother’s maiden name of Winder.  Apparently, the parents changed their child’s forename between the time he was born and when he was baptized, or the birth recorder made an error when recording the child’s forename.).  1871 Census: with parents (S4), listed as Herbert W. G. age 1 born in East Dulwich.  Death: October 31, 1899 (S6).  Probate: September 4, 1901 London (S6), listed as Herbert William Gray Hutton of Dominica, West Indies with effects £674 to Helen Mary Jane Hutton spinster.

  13. o   Stanley Page Hutton (aka Stanley Henry Hutton) (1871-1948).  Born: 1st QTR 1871 Camberwell (S=GRO Online Index), listed as Stanley Henry Hutton with mother’s maiden name Winder.  (Note: the parents either changed his middle name sometime after he was born or the GRO recorder entered it incorrectly).  1871 Census: with parents (S4), listed as Stanley H. Hutton age 2 months born in Dulwich.  1881 Census: with parents (S4), listed as Stanley P. Hutton age 10 a scholar born in East Dulwich.  1st Marriage: September 17, 1892 St. Jude, South Kensington (S8m), listed as Stanley Page Hutton age 21 a bachelor and engineer who resided at 20 Earls Court Gdrs whose father was Charles William Cookworthy Hutton a J.P. and Margaret Gordon Milroy Watson age 26 a spinster.  1911 Census: 30 Manor Road, Beckenham, Kent (S4), listed as Stanley Hutton age 40 an engineer and iron founder employer born in Dulwich, London with wife Margaret age 44 born in Cleish, Kickoss and 2 children: Eric and Milroy, 1 brother-in-law Archibald Watson and 1 servant, indicates they were married 18 years and had 3 children all still living.  2nd Marriage: June 19, 1917 St. Martin-in-the -fields, Westminster, London (S8m), listed as Stanley Page Hutton age 46 a widower and engineer who resided at 3 St. Martin Street whose father was Charles William Cookworthy Hutton a merchant and Gwendoline Andrews Eliza Turner Case age 31 a spinster.  Death: 2nd QTR 1948 Bournemouth, Hampshire (S5d), listed as Stanley P. Hutton age 77, April 14, 1948 (S6).  Probate: October 18 1948 London (S6), listed as Stanley Page Hutton of 11 Burnaby Road, Bournemouth with effects £801 to Westminster Bank Limited and Gwendoline Andrews Eliza Turner Hutton widow.

 

Charles Wellborne Slee (c1820-1879) and Elia Ann Ruffy (c1828-1920)

·       Born: c1820 Southwark (S4).

·       Baptized: not found.

·       1841 Census: not found.

·       Marriage: September 26, 1848 St, Mark, Kensington (S8m).  Listed as Charles Wellborne Slee a bachelor and merchant who resided at Tooley Street whose father was Josias Slee deceased and Eliza Ann Ruffy a minor and spinster. (Note: the marriage index incorrectly lists his middle name as Willborne).

·       1851 Census:  53 Doughty St., St. Pancreas, Marylebone (S4).  Listed as Charles W. Slee age 31 an importer of foreign articles for embroidery & manufacturer of silk worsted & cotton trimmings born in St. John’s, Southwark, Surrey, with wife Eliza A. age 23 born in St. Mark’s Kensington, Surrey and 1 child: Caroline M. and 1 sister-in-law and 3 servants.

·       1861 Census: 83 Park House, Southend, Lewisham (S4).  Listed as Charles W. Slee age 41 an imported of foreign goods & general warehouseman born in Southwark, Middlesex with wife Eliza A. age 33 born in Clapham Rd, Surrey and 3 children: Caroline M., Charles R. and Eliza E., and 1 father-in-law, 1 sister-in-law and 8 servants.

·       1871 Census: 175 Park House, Southend, Lewisham (S4).   Listed as Charles W. Slee age 51 a warehouseman born in Southwark, Surrey with wife Eliza A. age 43 born in Clapham, Surrey and 2 children: Caroline M. and Eliza E, 1 sister-in-law, 1 visitor and 8 servants.

·       Death: April 14, 1879 Marylebone, London (S5d).  Listed as Charles Slee age 59 a gentleman who died of calculous pyelitis at 14 Bulstrode Street, Cavendish Square.  April 14, 1879 at Bulstrode Street, Cavendish Square, Middlesex (S6).

·       Burial: not found.

·       Probate: May 7, 1879 Principal Registry (S6).  Listed as Charles Welborne Slee late of 6 Newgate Street, London and Park House, Southend, Lewisham, Kent a warehouseman with a personal estate under £40,000 proved by Walter Vaughan Morgan  a merchant and Eliza Ann Slee of Park House widow of the relict.

·       1881 Wife’s Census:  not found.

·       1891 Wife’s Census:  not found.

·       1901 Wife’s Census:  not found.

·       1911 Wife’s Census:  not found.

·       Wife’s Death: October 3, 1920 at Villa La Parisienne Chemin du petit Juas, Cannes, France (S6).

·       Wife’s Burial: not found.

·       Wife’s Probate: December 16, 1920 London (S6).  Listed as Eliza Ann Slee of 26 Oxford Terrace, Hyde Park, Middlesex widow with effects £7,943 to Caroline Maria Slee and Eliza Emma Slee spinsters.

·       Children:

1.     Caroline Maria Slee (1849-??).  Born: 4th QTR 1849 Saint Pancras (S=GRO Online Index), listed as Caroline Maria Slee with mother’s maiden name Ruffy.   1851, 1861 and 1871 Censuses: with parents (S4).

2.     Charles Robert Slee (1851-1868).  Born: 3rd QTR 1851 Brighthelmston (S=GRO Online Index), listed as Charles Robert Slee with mother’s maiden name Ruffy.  Baptized:  January 14, 1852 St. Pancras, Camden, listed as Charles Robert with parents Charles Wellborne and Eliza Slee who resided at Doughty St. with father’s occupation listed a merchant.  1861 Census: with parents. (S4).  Death: February 21, 1868 (S1burial).  Burial: February 26, 1868 Dresden, Germany (S=Dresden, Germany Weekly Church Reports of Births, Marriages and Deaths 1685-1879 available at ancestry.com), listed as Charles Robert Slee age 16 with father listed a Charles Wellborne Glee of London

3.     Eliza Emma Slee (1854-??).  Born: 1st QTR 1854 Saint Pancras (S=GRO Online Index), listed as Eliza Emma Slee with mother’s maiden name Ruffy.   1861 and 1871 Censuses: with parents (S4).

 

 

Avery Style Needle Cases with the “Hutton & Co London” Name Stamper on Them

1.     Butterfly Box - Oval Tub: Ornamental Design Metal: #261191 dated March 16, 1872 registered by W. Avery & Son Redditch (The National Archives, Kew website).

2.     Demi-Quad – Christmas: Mechanical Patent #2998 dated October 14, 1869 registered by William Avery, needle manufacturer, and Albert Fenton, machinist, from Redditch (S=British Library - Business and Intellectual Property Centre, London).

3.     Demi-Quad - Helen - Oval Decoration: Mechanical Patent #2998 dated October 14, 1869 registered by William Avery, needle manufacturer, and Albert Fenton, machinist, from Redditch (S=British Library - Business and Intellectual Property Centre, London).

4.     Duplex: Mechanical Patent #1473 (Fig. 17) dated May 21, 1870 registered by William Avery, needle manufacturer (S=British Library - Business and Intellectual Property Centre, London).

5.     Florence: Mechanical Patent #1473 (Fig. 11) dated May 21, 1870 registered by William Avery, needle manufacturer (S=British Library - Business and Intellectual Property Centre, London).

6.     Hedgehog Needle and Pin Case: Ornamental Design Metal: #263784 dated June 27, 1872 registered by W. Avery & Son Redditch The National Archives, Kew website).

7.     Louise - Square: Mechanical Patent #1473 (Fig. 17)  dated May 21, 1870 registered by William Avery, needle manufacturer (S=British Library - Business and Intellectual Property Centre, London).

8.     Quad-Golden Casket - Fleur-de-Lis: Mechanical Patent #3517 dated November 19, 1868 registered by William Avery, needle manufacturer, and Albert Fenton, machinist, from Redditch (S=British Library - Business and Intellectual Property Centre, London).

9.     Royal with Vase: Mechanical Patent #2998 (Fig. 13) dated October 14, 1869 registered by William Avery, needle manufacturer, and Albert Fenton, machinist, from Redditch (S=British Library - Business and Intellectual Property Centre, London).

10.  Scallop Shell: Ornamental Design Metal: #257721 dated November 14, 1871 registered by W. Avery & Son Redditch (The National Archives, Kew website).

11.  Stella Golden: Mechanical Patent #2998 (Fig. 14) dated October 14, 1869 registered by William Avery, needle manufacturer, and Albert Fenton, machinist, from Redditch (S=British Library - Business and Intellectual Property Centre, London).

 

Items Registered by Hutton & Co. at 5, 6 and/or 7 Newgate Street, London

1.     Ornamental Registered Design Registered For Class l3 Lace:  Collar:  # 36339, 36340, 36341 and 36342 all dated July 24, 1846 registered by John Baynes Godfrey and Hutton & Co. of 60 Windmill St. and 6 Newgate St, London (The National Archives, Kew website).

2.     Ornamental Design Registered For Class l2 Other Fabrics: Woven Fabric: #83338 dated January 26, 1852 registered by Hutton & Co. 6 Newgate Street (The National Archives, Kew website).

3.     Ornamental Design Registered For Class l2 Other Fabrics: Woven Fabric #119761 and 119762 both dated May 10, 1859 registered by Hutton & Co. 5 & 6 Newgate Street (The National Archives, Kew website).

4.     Ornamental Design Registered For Class l2 Other Fabrics: Woven Fabric #141435 dated June 15, 1861 registered by Hutton & Co. 5 & 6 Newgate Street (The National Archives, Kew website).

5.     Ornamental Design Registered For Class l3 Lace: #142587 dated August 13, 1861 registered by Hutton & Co. Newgate Street (The National Archives, Kew website).

6.     Ornamental Design Registered For Class l3 Lace: #169446 and 169447 both dated November 21, 1863 registered by Hutton & Co. 5 & 6 Newgate Street (The National Archives, Kew website).

7.     Ornamental Design Registered For Class l2 Other Fabrics: Woven Fabric #205105 dated December 20, 1866 registered by Hutton & Co. Newgate Street (The National Archives, Kew website).

8.     Ornamental Design Registered For Class l3 Lace: #338132 dated August 12, 1879 registered by Hutton & Co. 6 & 7 Newgate Street (The National Archives, Kew website).

9.     Ornamental Design Registered For Class l2 Other Fabrics: #361673 dated February 11, 1881 registered by Hutton & Co. 6 Newgate Street (The National Archives, Kew website).

10.  Ornamental Design Registered For Class l2 Other Fabrics: Medieval Fringe #369709 dated September 9, 1881 registered by Hutton & Co. 6 Newgate Street (The National Archives, Kew website).

 

 



Endnotes

[1] 1860 London Directory, page 1081 (S=ancestry.com).  Not listed as Hutton & Co. in the 1850 London City Directory, page 828 (S=ancestry.com).

[2] 1780 London Directory, page 89 (S=ancestry.com).

[3] 1790 London Directory, page 88 (S=ancestry.com).

[4] 1801 London Directory, page 124 (S=ancestry.com).

[5] 1810 London Directory, page 156 (S=ancestry.com).

[6] 1820 London Directory, page 303 (S=ancestry.com).

[7] 1825 London Directory, page 210 (S=ancestry.com).

[8] 1830 London Directory, page NEW and HUS-HYD and 1835 London Directory, page 530 (S=ancestry.com).

[9] 1840 London Directory, pages 223 and 604 (S=ancestry.com).

[10] 1845 London Directory, page 791 (S=ancestry.com).

[11] 1850 London Directory, page 828 (S=ancestry.com).

[12] Hutton Family Record: Includes detailed birth and marriage information about this Thomas Hutton and his children (S=Burke’s Family Records Indexed, pages 342 and 343 available on ancestry.com).

[13] 1825 London Directory, page 210 (S=ancestry.com).

[14] 1835 London Directory, page 530 (S=ancestry.com).

[15] 1835 London Directory, page 530 (S=ancestry.com).

[16] 1840 London Directory, pages 223 and 604 (S=ancestry.com).

[17] Per the 1841 Census.  -  See the Genealogy section of this chapter for source details.

[18] The London Gazette for the Year 1849, Vol 11, printed by Harrison and Sons, page 2139 (s=books.google.com).  Notice was given on June 27, 1849 that Eliza Warren a Dealer in Berlin Wool assigned all of her personal estate to Thomas Hutton, Charles William Cookworthy Hutton, Charles Wellborune Slee and Thomas Owthwaite Hutton of Newgate Street, trimming manufacturers and copartners

[19] Perry’s Bankruptcy Gazette newspaper dated January 14, 1854, page 8, column 1 (S=http://www.britishnewspaper archive.co.uk)

[20] From his death record. -  See the Genealogy section of this chapter for source details.

[21] 1860 London Directory, pages 1081and 1306 (S=ancestry.com).

[22] 1865 London Directory, pages 1120 and 1364 (S=ancestry.com).

[23] 1870 London Directory, pages 969,1232, 1409 and 1726; 1875 London Directory, pages 1024 and 1306; and 1880 London Directory, pages 993, 994 and 1237 (S=ancestry.com).  

[24] 1865 London Directory, page 1364; 1870 London Directory, page 1232; and 1875 London Directory, page 1306.   (S=ancestry.com).  London Directory, pages 1120 and 1364 (S=ancestry.com).

[25] The Milliner and Dressingmaker and Warehouseman’s Gazette, January 1870, published by Adolphe Goubaud, page 7 of the advertisement section (S=books.google.com).

[26] From his death record. -  See the Genealogy section of this chapter for source details.

[27] 1880 London Directory, pages 1237 (S=ancestry.com).

[28] 1880 London Directory, pages 993 and 994 (S=ancestry.com).

[29] 1885 London Directory, pages 496 and 1017 (S=ancestry.com).

[30] 1885 London Directory, pages 151, 496 and 1017 (S=ancestry.com).

[31] 1890 London Directory, pages 514 and 1063 (S=ancestry.com).  Hutton & Co was not listed.

[32] 1885 London Directory, page 151 (S=ancestry.com).

[33] See the Genealogy section of this chapter for source details unless otherwise noted.

[34] Value of £70,000 from 1860 in 2017 (S=https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/currency-converter/).

[35] 1885 London Directory, page 151 and 1890 London Directory, page 31 (S=ancestry.com).

[36] The Directory of Directors, 1881. A list of the Directors of the Joint Stock Companies of the United Kingdom by Thomas Skinner, page 180 (S=books.google.com).

[37]  From https://search.lma.gov.uk/scripts/mwimain.dll/144/LMA_OPAC/web_detail/REFD+CLC~2FB~2F167? SESSION SEARCH

[38] The Daily Telegraph newspaper dated September 28, 1903, page 10 (S=ancestry.com).

[39] Value of £40,000 from 1880 in 2017 (S=https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/currency-converter/).

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